The United Nations Special Committee on Decolonization (C-24), established in 1961, focuses on decolonization efforts. The UN Charter, created in 1945, recognized the rights of people in non-self-governing territories, calling for self-governance and political freedom.

In 1960, the UN passed Resolution 1514, declaring that all people have the right to self-determination and calling for immediate action to end colonialism. The C-24 was formed to review the application of this Declaration.

The committee initially had 17 members, growing to 24 by 1962, and now includes 29. The C-24 holds annual sessions and seminars to review progress and promote decolonization, with specific focus on territories like New Caledonia, the Falkland Islands, and Western Sahara.

It also organizes missions, hearings, and reports on the situation in non-self-governing territories, aiming to ensure the implementation of the Declaration and the eventual eradication of colonialism.

Additionally, the UN has declared multiple "International Decades for the Eradication of Colonialism," with efforts ongoing through 2030. The committee reports to the General Assembly through the Fourth Committee on its activities related to decolonization.

Photo : The C-24 hears petitioners on questions of three Territories, 1 August 1988 (UN Photo/Y. Nagata)